Method oe and apparatus eor sep abating magnetic mateeial



G. ULLRICH.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MAGNETIC MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9, I916- RENEWED APR. 19.1920. I

1 ,360,601 Patented Nov. 30, 1920.

F ISA.

UNITED STA ES r FFICE.

TENT

GEORG ULLRIO'H, OE IVIAGDEBUBG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION, INC A CQRPORATION OF DELAWARE.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MAGNETIC MATERIAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

rat-sated Nov. 30, 1920.

Application filed February 9, 1916, Serial No. 77,306. Renewed April 19, 1920. Serial No. 375,152.

To (all '10 7mm it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Gross ULLnIoH, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 2 Winteri'eldstrasse, Magdeburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and ripparatus for Separating lviagnetic Material, of which the following is a specification.

In the separation of magnetic material the attracted material is either carried away at right angles to the direction in which the stream oi material flows, as in separators of the ring or annular type, or in the same direction, as in separators of the roller or drum type. i

In separators of the first mentioned type, the attraction is enected by annular magnet pole blades which are naturally separated by gaps. The different kinds of material attracted accumulate here alongside each other, being separated by corresponding gaps afforded at the delivery device. Only a comparatively small portion of the breadth of the magnetic field is therefore utilized.

In separators of the second mentioned type the attracted material accumulates without any gaps being afforded at the delivery device and the entire breadth of the magnetic field is therefore utilized. The deposition of the various kinds of separated material takes place however in the following manner. Only the kind of material normally attracted accumulates at first at the delivery device, while the other kinds of material are deposited in the order of the increase or decrease of their permeability upon the kinds previously separated.

its in thiscase the thickness of the layer of the attracted material will, under other wise equal conditions, be greater than in the former case, the superimposition necessitates the supply of the raw material being located at a greater distance from the delivery cevice and consequently, when the strength of the field is the same, necessitates more exciting current than in the former case. Furthermore, the material already attracted weakens the attractive force for the succeeding material still to be attracted. This disadvantage acts prejudicially upon sharp separation.

According to this invention the disadvantages above mentioned are obviated; not

only the entire breadth of the field utilized, but the deposition of the entire magy from the commencement into several adjacent lines streams separated by gaps. A portion of the ma netic material is then first attracted from each stream and this attractor portion is deposited in corresponding streams at the delivery device. The remainder of the material may then be deflected once more or several times in succession, into other streams lying in the direction of the gaps or blank spaces. From these other streams the further magnetic kinds ct material are separated in succession in corresponding streams which are locat at the delivery device between the mate ial previously deposited. If graduated magnetic fields be employed, the different kinds of material of different permeability do not separate on top of each other at the delivery device, but along side each other, and are separated according to the kind of material in streams arranged in the same direction as the supplv of the material. u

it is already known to divide up a. stream of material; this division however takes place before any separation commences. The division consists in the irregular lateral disp a ement of the material so that a cenor blank space is formed, along both sides of which lies a line of material which is not homogeneously bounded externally. Separation therefore takes place in the gap or blank space, the material being drawn into it. Practi ally, this separation can only be very incomplete, because the magnet can not act uniformly upon the breadth of the stream of material. On the contrary it only reaches the particles of material lying close to the gap or blank space. while the more remotely situated particles of material are slight y attracted or npt attracted at all. This disadvantage, however, is obviated according to the present invention.

Q'ne constructional form of apparatus for carrying out the l1ilPIOVB(l1DGlZl1OCl of separation is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a cross-section showing a separator of the drum type having a graduated held, and a supply device for effecting the snb-di [ion oi"? the stream of material.

Y Fig. 2 is a plan view of the supply device.

The magnetic body which oscillates about the spindle 1 and forms two zones, comprises two side counter m gnet poles 2 and 3, which, tor the purpose of regulating the zones, are provided with. laterally adjustable shoes -l 5, and a common magnet pole 6, which is excited by a coil 7. A delivery drum 8 is adapted to rotate about the magnetic body in the direction indicated by the arrow. The weaker zone is formed between the shoe l and the pole 6, and the stronger zone is formed between the shoe 5 and the said gole 6.

ine materiadelivered at 9 falls on to the supply device along the whole breadth of the surface 10 thereof, upon which surface the material is con eyed in any desired manner, and conducted to the weaker Z0118. Prior to coming within reach or". this zone the main stream of material is divided up by means oi: guide devices 11 into separate lines or streams 12, the breadth oi which corresponds to the distance between the guide devices 11 which are separated by gaps or blank spaces corresponding to the breadth of the guide devices 11.

From these streams or" material the strongly magnetic material is attracted first, so that it adheres to the delivery drum in a form corresponding to the breadth of the streams 152'. The material not attracted falls on to the surface 15, this material, before it comes within reach of the stronger Zone, being divided up by means of guide devices 13 into separate streams ii. The breadth and distance apart of the guide devices 13 may be so proportioned ith respect to each other that the streams 1% passbetween the streams 12 of the delivery drum. The remaining portion of the magnetic material is attracted from the streams Ll, by the zone 5, 6 and is compelled, owing to the peculiar formation of the material supply device to so deposit itselt' upon the drum 8, that the gaps altorded between the streams of strongly magnetic material are filled up.

In the form shown, the guide devices 11 Ll'G somewhat wider than the guide devices 3, so that narrow gaps or blank spaces are ormed between the streams of material on the delivery drum.

If the material is to be separated into more than two magnetic sorts, more zones and more rows of guide devices for forming the streams must accordingly e provided. The breadth of the streams need not be the same for all kinds of material. On the contrary it may with advantage be proportional to the amount of the different kinds contained in the material.

The position of the said members with re-- spect to the magnetic body may be varied by adjusting them singly or together in any de sired manner. The guide devices lland 13 may be formed integral with the members affording the surfaces 10 and 15, or they may be attached thereto.

The different kinds of material may be collected in vaious ways, 0. 9., the unattracted material may be collected at 16, and that which has been attracted and separated according to permeability collected at 1'? in compartments corresponding to the streams and located alongside one another.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 2- 1. A method or" separating magnetic material consisting in subdividing a stream of the material into a plurality of streams separated by gaps, subjecting the material so divided to magnetic attraction adapted to separate the most strongly magnetic material, then deviating the streams into positions alining with the gaps of the initial subdivision and magnetically attracting the less magnetic material into paths between the paths of the material first attracted, and finally discharging the grades separately.

2. no method of separating magnetic material consisting in subdividing a stream of the material into a plurality of streams sep arated by gaps, subjecting the material so divided to magnetic attraction adapted to separate the most strongly magnetic material, then deviating the streams a number of times in succession into other streams alining with the gaps of the initial subdivision and magnetically attracting the less magnetic material into the paths between the paths of the material first attracted.

3. Apparatus for separation of magnetic material, comprising a plurality of rows of guide members arranged one behind the other, the guide members of each succeeding row being so disposed with respect to the guide members of the previous row that the streams of material formed by one row of guide members are delivered in nonalinement with the gaps between the adjacent row of guide members, and a magnetic separating element operating in proximity to each series of streams and having conveying means operating in the general direction of flow of the material.

4. Apparatus for separation of magnetic material comprising a plurality of rows of guiding devices, in which the guiding devices of one row are broader than those of a row in. advance thereof, so that the streams of material formed in the direction of the gaps between adjacent rows of guide memhers are narrower than the gaps or blank spaces between the rows, and a magnetic separating element operating in proximity 10 to each series of streams and having conveying means operating in the general direction of How of the material.

In testimony whereof the foregoing specifieation is signed in the presence of two witnesses'.

GEORG ULLRICH.

Witnesses:

A. H. ENTENMANN, L. RoATHENUs. 

